A federal appeals court has upheld the expulsion of a West Point cadet.

Isiah Doolen must pay $227,000 in education costs.

The academy had expelled Doolen in 2015 after he accumulated excessive infractions, including for smuggling alcohol.

His expulsion came after an investigation and hearing that lasted a year and a half.

Doolen said West Point's decision to expel him was arbitrary and claimed that the academy's procedures for separating a cadet are deficient.